• 6,7-dihydroxy Bergamottin br Mechanism of action of herbs an

  2021-09-13

  

  Mechanism of action of herbs and their active constituents used in hair loss treatment The hair growth cycle consists of 4 stages known as the anagen (active growth phase; takes 2–7years), catagen (involuting or regressing phase; takes approx. 2weeks), telogen (short resting phase; takes approx.

• br Next we explored the SAR

  2021-09-13

  

  Next, we explored the SAR around the aryl ring attached to the pyrrole nitrogen in the presence of the 3-CF and the 2,6-difluorophenylpropionic thyrotropin receptor sidechain (). The EC value of the unsubstituted phenyl was about 100 nM. The 4-methyl was 2-fold more potent, however ethyl and bromo

• br Author contributions br Acknowledgements The work was

  2021-09-13

  

  Author contributions Acknowledgements The work was financially supported by a grant from the Investigator-Initiated Studies Program (Ref. #38124) from Merck Sharp & Dohme, and, in part, from Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Ref. No.: 14110314), awa

• Gp induces cell death by apoptotic mechanisms and increases

  2021-09-13

  

  Gp120 induces cell death by apoptotic mechanisms and increases intracellular Ca, and activates messengers related to cell death. Intracellular mechanisms of neuronal damage are mainly a consequence of the activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) [2], [5], which induces excitotoxicity

• Rapid action of E on GnRH

  2021-09-13

  

  Rapid action of E2 on GnRH neurons has been known for some time. E2 hyperpolarizes guinea pig GnRH neurons, alters cAMP production in GT1-cells and stimulates or inhibits [Ca2+]i oscillations within 15 min (Lagrange et al., 1995; Navarro et al., 2003; Temple et al., 2004; Romanò et al., 2008). Impor

• Here we studied the effects of BZ flurazepam FZ at

  2021-09-13

  

  Here we studied the effects of BZ flurazepam (FZ) at high doses in acute and chronic settings of tolerance and dependence in GluR-A−/− mice (Zamanillo et al., 1999). We used measurements in which the phenomenon of “learning while intoxicated” should play only a minor role in order to find out the si

• Bacterial GluRS comes in two flavors

  2021-09-13

  

  Bacterial GluRS comes in two flavors, discriminatory GluRS (D-GluRS) and non-discriminatory GluRS (ND-GluRS). While D-GluRS exclusively catalyses the transfer of Glu to tRNAGlu, the ND-GluRS can also glutamylate tRNAGln forming Glu-tRNAGln. The misacylated product is then transformed to Gln-tRNAGln

• A localization of GK to both a

  2021-09-13

  

  A localization of GK to both a cytoplasmic and perinuclear area of normal rat pancreatic beta-cells was reported in 1996 (Noma et al., 1996), which changed on acute hyperglycemia to a more diffuse staining throughout the cytoplasm. The localization of GK within the nucleus was first reported by Mura

• Next the effects of a phenyl

  2021-09-13

  

  Next, the effects of a phenyl group at the 3- and 4-positions of the furan on GCGR affinity were investigated (). Surprisingly, despite the lack of a 4-phenyl group at the furan, compound exhibited almost the same GCGR affinity as compound . On the other hand, when the phenyl group at the 3-position

• Phylogenetic analysis of the secretin

  2021-09-13

  

  Phylogenetic analysis of the secretin-like hormones yields poorly supported trees due to the short length of their peptide sequences (Dores et al., 1996). However, phylogenetic analyses typically show that the secretin-like peptides encoded by the proglucagon (glucagon, GLP-1 and GLP-2) and GIP andr

• The mechanism underlying the anorectic effect of OXM

  2021-09-13

  

  The mechanism underlying the anorectic effect of OXM is well established. It is centrally mediated via GLP-1 receptor activation, confirmed by both pharmacological blockade of the GLP-1 receptor, and using GLP-1 receptor knock-out mice [2], [11], [12]. However, the mechanism by which it increases en

• GSIs were shown to effectively

  2021-09-13

  

  GSIs were shown to effectively decrease Aβ levels at doses close to or higher than their IC50 values in cell culture models. Surprisingly, they also slightly increase Aβ levels at low doses, (significantly below the IC50) also known as “Aβ rise”, due to various mechanisms including inhibition of cel

• Many natural flavonoids have been identified

  2021-09-13

  

  Many natural flavonoids have been identified as influencing ionotropic GABA receptors through bioassay-guided fractionation of plant extracts (Fig. 4). HPLC-based activity profiling of extracts the traditional Chinese herbal drug Kushen (Sophora flavescens root) led to the identification of the 8-la

• Studies on FXR knockout mice demonstrated that FXR activity

  2021-09-13

  

  Studies on FXR knockout mice demonstrated that FXR activity is necessary to maintain a proper integrity of intestinal tight junction [18]. HF diet-induced bowel dysfunction impaired FXR activity and affected fecal BA profile. Generally, it augmented the concentration of secondary BAs in the colon e.

• Over the last years the signaling pathways initialized by fi

  2021-09-13

  

  Over the last years, the signaling pathways initialized by fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are found to be important for progression and development of several cancers11., 12., 13., 14.. To the best of our knowledge, currently 18 FGFs are identified in human genome, which regulated by four transmem

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